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--- en:project:fhs [2018/10/11 08:13]
emulatorman
+++ en:project:fhs [2023/08/03 02:38] (current)
emulatorman
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-====== About ======
+====== Filesystem Hierarchy Standard ======
-//The **Filesystem Hierarchy Standard** (FHS) defines the main directories and their contents in GNU/Linux and other Unix-like computer operating systems.//
+The **Filesystem Hierarchy Standard** (FHS) defines the main directories and their contents in GNU/Linux and other Unix-like computer operating systems.
 ===== Overview =====
@@ Line 16: / Line 16: @@
 All files and directories appear under the root_directory "/", even if stored on different physical devices.
-A description of the hierarchy specified in the FHS
+A description of the hierarchy specified in the FHS:
-**/bin/**
+{| border="1" style="sortable; text-align: left; width: 100%; border-collapse:collapse; color:#262627; background-color:#f8f9fa;"
+! style="background-color:#eaecf0" |Directory
+! style="background-color:#eaecf0" |Description
+|-
+|/bin
+|Essential user command binaries.
+|-
+|/boot
+|Static files of the boot loader
+|-
+|/dev
+|Device files
+|-
+|/etc
+|Host-specific system configuration
+|-
+|/etc/local
+|Host-specific system configuration for Local binaries
+|-
+|/etc/opt
+|Host-specific system configuration for Add-on application software packages
+|-
+|/home
+|User home directories
+|-
+|/lib
+|Essential shared libraries
+|-
+|/libexec
+|Essential binaries run by other programs (BSD descendant systems only)
+|-
+|/lib/modules
+|Loadable kernel modules (monolitic kernel package only)
+|-
+|/lib32
+|Essential shared libraries for 32bit binaries (multilib packages only)
+|-
+|/media
+|Mount point for removable media
+|-
+|/mnt
+|Mount point for temporarily mounted filesystem / Mount point for mounting a filesystem temporary
+|-
+|/opt
+|Add-on application software packages
+|-
+|/proc
+|Kernel and process information virtual filesystem (mounted with procfs)
+|-
+|/root
+|Home directory for the root user
+|-
+|/run
+|Run-time variable data / Data relevant to running processes
+|-
+|/sbin
+|Essential system command binaries
+|-
+|/srv
+|Data for services provided by this system
+|-
+|/sys
+|Kernel and system information virtual filesystem (Linux* kernel only; mounted with sysfs)
+|-
+|/tmp
+|Temporary files (mounted with tmpfs)
+|-
+|/usr
+|Secondary hierarchy
+|-
+|/usr/bin
+|Most user command binaries
+|-
+|/usr/games
+|Games and educational binaries
+|-
+|/usr/include
+|Directory for standard include files / Header files included by program languages
+|-
+|/usr/lib
+|Shared libraries
+|-
+|/usr/lib/games
+|Shared libraries for game binaries
+|-
+|/usr/lib32
+|Shared libraries for 32bit binaries (multilib packages only)
+|-
+|/usr/lib32/games
+|Shared libraries for 32bit game binaries (multilib packages only)
+|-
+|/usr/libexec
+|Binaries run by other programs
+|-
+|/usr/local
+|Local hierarchy (for personal installation only)
+|-
+|/usr/local/bin
+|Local user binaries
+|-
+|/usr/local/games
+|Local games and educational binaries
+|-
+|/usr/local/include
+|Local directory for standard include files / Local header files included by program languages
+|-
+|/usr/local/lib
+|Local shared libraries
+|-
+|/usr/local/lib/games
+|Local shared libraries for game binaries
+|-
+|/usr/local/lib32
+|Local shared libraries for 32bit binaries (multilib packages only)
+|-
+|/usr/local/lib32/games
+|Local shared libraries for 32bit game binaries (multilib packages only)
+|-
+|/usr/local/libexec
+|Local binaries run by other programs
+|-
+|/usr/local/sbin
+|Local system binaries
+|-
+|/usr/local/share
+|Local architecture-independent data
+|-
+|/usr/local/share/doc
+|Local miscellaneous documentation (documentation packages only)
+|-
+|/usr/local/share/games
+|Local static data files for game binaries
+|-
+|/usr/local/share/info
+|Local primary directory for GNU Info system (texinfo package only)
+|-
+|/usr/local/share/man
+|Local online manuals / Local manual pages
+|-
+|/usr/local/share/misc
+|Local miscellaneous architecture-independent data
+|-
+|/usr/local/src
+|Local source code (source code packages only)
+|-
+|/usr/sbin
+|Non-vital system command binaries
+|-
+|/usr/share
+|Architecture-independent data
+|-
+|/usr/share/doc
+|Miscellaneous documentation (documentation packages only)
+|-
+|/usr/share/games
+|Static data files for game binaries
+|-
+|/usr/share/info
+|Primary directory for GNU Info system (texinfo package only)
+|-
+|/usr/share/man
+|Online manuals / Manual pages
+|-
+|/usr/share/misc
+|Miscellaneous architecture-independent data
+|-
+|/usr/src
+|Source code (source code packages only)
+|-
+|/var
+|Variable data
+|-
+|/var/cache
+|Application cache data
+|-
+|/var/crash
+|Kernel crash dumps (Linux* kernels not supported)
+|-
+|/var/games
+|Variable game data
+|-
+|/var/lib
+|Variable state information
+|-
+|/var/lib/misc
+|Miscellaneous state data
+|-
+|/var/local
+|Variable data for Local binaries
+|-
+|/var/lock
+|Lock files
+|-
+|/var/log
+|Log files
+|-
+|/var/mail
+|User mailbox files
+|-
+|/var/opt
+|Variable data for Add-on application software packages
+|-
+|/var/spool
+|Application spool data
+|-
+|/var/tmp
+|Temporary files preserved between system reboots
+|}
-Essential command executable (**bin**aries) for all users (e.g., cat, ls, cp)
+<note>
+The term "essential" refers from all binaries, command binaries and libraries installed in folders located directly in the root directory, not inside /usr.
-(especially files required to boot or rescue the system)
+</note>
-**/boot/**
-Boot loader, kernels and initrd files
-**/dev/**
-**Dev**ices files (e.g., :/dev/null)
-**/etc/**
-Host-specific system-wide configuration files (from **et** **c**etera)
-**/home/**
-Users' **home** directories
-**/include/**
-Standard **include** files
-**/lib/**
-**Lib**raries essential for the binaries in /bin/ and /sbin/
-(library required to boot or rescue the system)
-**/libexec/**
-**Lib**raries that are not intended to be **exec**uted directly by users or shell scripts.
-**/local/**
-Tertiary hierarchy for **local** data installed by the system administrator
-  * /local/bin : locally compiled binaries, local shell script, etc.
-  * /local/src : **S**ou**rc**e code (place where to extract and build non hyperbol'ized stuffs)
-**/mnt/**
-Temporarily **m**ou**nt**ed filesystems
-**/media/**
-Mount points for removable **media** such as CD-ROMs (appeared in FHS-2.3)
-**/opt/**
-Add-on application software packages
-Pre-compiled, non Hyperbola binary distribution (tar'ed..) goes here.
-  * /opt/bin/ : Same as for top-level hierarchy
-  * /opt/include/ : Same as for top-level hierarchy
-  * /opt/lib/ : Same as for top-level hierarchy
-  * /opt/sbin/ : Same as for top-level hierarchy
-  * /opt/share/ : Same as for top-level hierarchy
-**/proc/**
-Virtual filesystem documenting kernel and **proc**ess status, mostly text files (e.g., uptime, network)
-**/root/**
-Home directory for the **root** user
-**/sbin/**
-System administrative binaries (e.g., init, route, ifup) (**s**ystem **bin**aries)
-(files required to boot or rescue the system)
-**/share/**
-Architecture-independent (**share**d) data
-**/src/**
-**S**ou**rc**e code (to build Hyperbola packages. see also /local/src/)
-**/srv/**
-Site-specific data which is **s**e**rv**ed by the system.
-**/sys/**
-**The** filesystem for exporting kernel objects.
-(many /proc/* files should have been here...)
-**/tmp/**
-**T**e**mp**orary files
-**/var/**
-**Var**iable data, such as logs, databases, websites, and temporary spool (e-mail..) files
 ===== Acknowledgement =====
 This wiki article is based on **DebianWiki**. We may have removed non-[[https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-system-distribution-guidelines.html|FSDG]] bits from it.

Hyperbola GNU/Linux-Libre

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