En tant que militants libristes, nous apprécions toujours d'utiliser les logiciels libres plus modernes et performants, mais nous devons nous assurer que le logiciel que nous utilisons respecte réellement notre liberté. Beaucoup d'utilisateurs nous ont communiqué leur désir d'utiliser le navigateur web Chromium, puisqu'il semble être un logiciel complètement libre, mais celui-ci présente encore des lacunes à plusieurs égards.
Dans notre étude, nous avons découvert que la situation est en cours d'amélioration. Il y a encore quelques années, il y avait plus d'un millier de fichiers sans licence qui étaient considérés comme non-libres. Grâce aux efforts et aux rapports Lintian de Debian, il semblerait que ces problèmes aient été résolus.
Cependant Chromium, par défaut, a toujours un certain nombre de problèmes qui concernent les utilisateurs de logiciels libres - et ce même si l'ensemble du code est convenablement licencié.
By default, Chromium source code still has many lines of code that makes direct internet connections to Google. When building the software unpatched, much of your browsing experience is under the control of Google's online web services. As mentioned in the article Who does that server really serve?, free software is only free when you are in control and should not be dependant on third-party web services. Some work has already been done to free Chromium from this problem, including the removal of “Google OK”, a Google web service plugin used for voice recognition, after user outcry.
By default, Chromium still includes some pre-built binaries to aid in faster compiling. In order to have fully free software, we require all software to be built from source. Packagers should not use “use_prebuilt” as a compile option.
Chromium supports the use of Widevine DRM, Adobe Pepper Flash, and third-party codecs which are nonfree. Packagers must ensure that these are removed from the source code prior to compiling in order to be free software. To disable them is not enough. It required to remove (support and references about it) from the source as per the FSDG.
While not specific to free software, we would like for users to have control over their private information. Chromium has a number of reported privacy concerns which made it ineligible for use with Tor. Issues include outstanding proxy bugs which leak an user's IP address, fingerprinting issues that leak the computers hostname and hardware, and timing issues that enable timing attacks even in the browser's “Incognitio” mode. Free software users should be aware of these issues and work to patch them upstream and in their packages as needed.
There is work being done to remove queries to Google and pre-built binaries, as well as strengthen user-privacy.
The patch-set called ungoogled-chromium, which itself is a combination of Inox, Iridium, and Debian patches is one such effort. Free software advocates are advised to use these patchsets and help contribute to their maintenance, while pushing for a self-contained version of Chromium with these fixes built-in. With each consecutive Chromium release a new patchset must be created to remove Google specific code and binaries which affect your freedom. Having a self-contained version ensures that no one will be forced to accidentally use nonfree software during these updates.
Chromium is also being used as an embedded framework in various projects.
Users should be aware that Qt WebEngine is based on Chromium and therefore contains many of the same flaws. Proprietary codecs and other anti-features must be removed at compile time to ensure user's freedom is respected. Due to Qt being a primary component of KDE and many applications, ensuring it is compiled correctly and removing nonfree software is of even greater importance to the Free Software Movement.
For our freedom's sake, free software projects should take care about all kinds of freedom issues when deciding what components to depend on.
We are hopeful that the various projects currently working with Chromium source code will make Chromium fully respect both users' freedom and users' privacy, making the internet safer, as well as more freedom respecting, for everyone.
This is Free work, you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either:
The Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License as published by Creative Commons; either version 4.0, or (at your option) any later version, or
The GNU Free Documentation License as published by the Free Software; either version 1.3, or (at your option) any later version; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
Most of this documentation was originally written by Luke .R.