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en:manual:reference_installation [2022/04/05 18:52] i3_relativism set bootloader section in right place |
en:manual:reference_installation [2024/03/26 23:21] (current) throgh |
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- | <note warning> This page is still in progress, so please dont aprove this draft yet!</ | ||
====== The Installation Guide ====== | ====== The Installation Guide ====== | ||
- | The intention of this reference Guide is to assist users in the process of installing **Hyperbola GNU/ | + | The intention of this reference Guide is to assist users in the process of installing **Hyperbola GNU/ |
- | ===== Braille Support ===== | ||
- | There is a ISO called [[en: | ||
==== Blind and visually impaired users ==== | ==== Blind and visually impaired users ==== | ||
- | [[en: | + | [[en: |
The brltty boot-time parameter consists of three comma-separated fields: **driver**, **device**, and **table**. | The brltty boot-time parameter consists of three comma-separated fields: **driver**, **device**, and **table**. | ||
Line 43: | Line 40: | ||
<code bash> | <code bash> | ||
- | # dd if=~/ | + | # dd if=~/ |
</ | </ | ||
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<code bash> | <code bash> | ||
- | # dd if=hyperbola-milky-way-v0.2.1-dual.iso of=/dev/sdb bs=2048 && sync | + | # dd if=hyperbola-milky-way-v0.4.3-dual.iso of=/dev/sdb bs=2048 && sync |
</ | </ | ||
Line 96: | Line 93: | ||
# rc-service dhcpcd stop | # rc-service dhcpcd stop | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | |||
- | For more information read [[https:// | ||
The [[https:// | The [[https:// | ||
Line 209: | Line 204: | ||
< | < | ||
- | Currently, you may include a maximum of three nameserver lines. In order to overcome this limitation, you can use a locally caching nameserver like [[https:// | + | Currently, you may include a maximum of three nameserver lines. In order to overcome this limitation, you can use a locally caching nameserver like **Dnsmasq**. |
</ | </ | ||
- | You should now have a working network connection. If you do not, check the detailed [[https:// | + | You should now have a working network connection. |
=== Wireless === | === Wireless === | ||
Line 234: | Line 229: | ||
< | < | ||
- | If you do not see output similar to this, then your wireless driver has not been loaded. Please see [[https:// | + | If you do not see output similar to this, then your wireless driver has not been loaded. |
</ | </ | ||
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</ | </ | ||
- | Then, your wireless chipset could need a <color # | + | Then, your wireless chipset could need a <color # |
</ | </ | ||
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=== Behind a proxy server === | === Behind a proxy server === | ||
- | If you are behind a proxy server, you will need to export the <color # | + | If you are behind a proxy server, you will need to export the <color # |
===== Installation ===== | ===== Installation ===== | ||
==== Partition disks ==== | ==== Partition disks ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | <note important> | ||
+ | These instructions assume that you are using MBR (Master Boot Record) as the partitioning scheme for your installation disk. Installation on a GPT-based disk is slightly different than the process described here. | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
Once your computer has successfully booted into the Live USB device, type the following into you terminal: | Once your computer has successfully booted into the Live USB device, type the following into you terminal: | ||
Line 385: | Line 385: | ||
Take note of the fact that the root partition that you soon will mount, is the bootable one (in this example the sda2) that you made from the rest of the space after creating the Swap partition. | Take note of the fact that the root partition that you soon will mount, is the bootable one (in this example the sda2) that you made from the rest of the space after creating the Swap partition. | ||
- | See [[https:// | + | Remember to create any stacked block devices like **LUKS**, or **RAID**. |
- | + | ||
- | Remember to create any stacked block devices like [[https:// | + | |
==== System Configuration ==== | ==== System Configuration ==== | ||
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<code bash> | <code bash> | ||
# swapon /dev/sda1 | # swapon /dev/sda1 | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | === Mount the root partition === | ||
- | <code bash> | ||
- | # mount /dev/sda2 /mnt | ||
</ | </ | ||
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==== Format the partitions ==== | ==== Format the partitions ==== | ||
- | See [[https:// | ||
- | If you are using (U)EFI you will most probably need another partition to host the UEFI System partition. Read [[https:// | + | If you are using (U)EFI you will most probably need another partition to host the UEFI System partition. |
=== Create a file system === | === Create a file system === | ||
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=== Mount the partitions === | === Mount the partitions === | ||
- | We now must mount the root partition on <color # | + | We now must mount the root partition on <color # |
+ | === Mount the root partition === | ||
- | ==== Verification of package signatures ==== | + | <code bash> |
- | New packager keys are necessary by default to install **Hyperbola** from current ISOs. Because changes in existing keys might happen since rthe ISO release, it is recommended, | + | # mount /dev/sda2 /mnt |
+ | </ | ||
- | <note important> | + | ==== Verification of system-date ==== |
- | Keep in mind these steps will fail if your system | + | |
- | </ | + | |
To check that your computer has the correct time, enter <color # | To check that your computer has the correct time, enter <color # | ||
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# date 111318442013.32 | # date 111318442013.32 | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | |||
- | Once the date is correct, we need to initialize the gnupg directory and update pacman' | ||
- | |||
- | <code bash> | ||
- | # pacman-key --init | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | <code bash> | ||
- | # mount -o remount, | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | <code bash> | ||
- | # pacman-key --populate hyperbola | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | <code bash> | ||
- | # pacman-key --refresh-keys | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | If you get GPG errors updating those packages, you can try running these commands to start over: | ||
- | |||
- | <code bash> | ||
- | # rm -r / | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | <code bash> | ||
- | # pacman-key --init | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | <code bash> | ||
- | # pacman-key --populate hyperbola | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | <code bash> | ||
- | # pacman-key --refresh-keys | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | If you get an error related to <color # | ||
- | |||
- | <code bash> | ||
- | # mkdir / | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | For the time being, running the previous command might also be needed in the newly installed system. | ||
==== Base system installation ==== | ==== Base system installation ==== | ||
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<note warning> | <note warning> | ||
If you have a **btrfs root**, you probably want to install also [[https:// | If you have a **btrfs root**, you probably want to install also [[https:// | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | If you face GPG errors when running, you can try to fix them with: | ||
- | <code bash> | ||
- | # rm -r / | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | <code bash> | ||
- | # pacman-key --init | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | <code bash> | ||
- | # pacman-key --populate hyperbola arch | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | <code bash> | ||
- | # pacman-key --refresh-keys | ||
- | </ | ||
</ | </ | ||
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</ | </ | ||
- | Generate a [[https:// | + | Generate a **fstab** with the following command (if you prefer to use UUIDs or labels, add the <color # |
<code bash> | <code bash> | ||
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=== Chroot and configure the base system === | === Chroot and configure the base system === | ||
- | Next we [[https:// | + | Next we need to enter directly |
<code bash> | <code bash> | ||
# arch-chroot /mnt | # arch-chroot /mnt | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | |||
- | * Write your hostname to <color # | ||
=== Hostname === | === Hostname === | ||
Line 584: | Line 511: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | <code bash> | ||
- | # echo myhostname > / | ||
- | </ | ||
- | * Symlink <color # | + | === Locale === |
- | <code bash> | + | Type the following to set locale preferences in <color # |
- | # ln -s / | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | * Set [[en: | + | |
- | + | ||
- | === Locale === | + | |
- | Type: | + | |
<code bash> | <code bash> | ||
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Now choose your locale from what language you’re using. All locales are commented out (preceded by #) by default. Uncomment (remove the #) for your choice of locale. For US English, it should look like this: | Now choose your locale from what language you’re using. All locales are commented out (preceded by #) by default. Uncomment (remove the #) for your choice of locale. For US English, it should look like this: | ||
- | |||
- | <code bash> | ||
- | # nano / | ||
- | </ | ||
< | < | ||
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</ | </ | ||
- | Then create | + | Then check the file <color # |
<code bash> | <code bash> | ||
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</ | </ | ||
- | Then export your chosen locale | + | Then export your chosen locale, just in case for your current session |
<code bash> | <code bash> | ||
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</ | </ | ||
- | + | Add console keymap and font preferences in <color # | |
- | * Add console keymap and font preferences in <color # | + | |
=== Keymap === | === Keymap === | ||
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< | < | ||
- | |||
- | * Uncomment the selected locale in <color # | ||
=== Time zone === | === Time zone === | ||
Line 688: | Line 598: | ||
</ | </ | ||
* Set a root password with <color # | * Set a root password with <color # | ||
- | * Add your user to the relevant | + | * Add your user to the relevant |
<code bash> | <code bash> | ||
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------------------------------ | ------------------------------ | ||
- | |||
- | * Configure <color # | ||
- | |||
- | <code bash> | ||
- | # mkinitcpio -p linux-libre-lts | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | < | ||
- | |||
- | * If you want to install GRUB for the (U)EFI mode, you will need to make sure that: | ||
- | * The computer booted in (U)EFI mode (if <color # | ||
- | * The efivars module is loaded. (<color # | ||
- | |||
- | -------------------------------- | ||
- | |||
- | * Configure the network again for newly installed environment. See [[https:// | ||
- | |||
- | <note tip> | ||
- | If you are following the [[en: | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | === Configure speech support (for blind and visually impaired users) === | ||
- | If you are using [[en: | ||
- | |||
- | * Install [[https:// | ||
- | * Enable the espeakup service by executing: | ||
- | |||
- | <code bash> | ||
- | # rc-update add espeakup default | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | * Save the state of the sound card, so that it will be retrieved on reboot: | ||
- | |||
- | <code bash> | ||
- | # alsactl store | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
==== Bootloader installation and configuration ==== | ==== Bootloader installation and configuration ==== | ||
=== GRUB === | === GRUB === | ||
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Here do NOT append a partition number, i.e. <color # | Here do NOT append a partition number, i.e. <color # | ||
</ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | To configure the bootloader, you have to install it and generate the file <color # | ||
<code bash> | <code bash> | ||
Line 752: | Line 627: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | * To configure the bootloader, you have to install it and generate the file <color # | + | === Syslinux === |
- | <note important> | + | [[https:// |
- | If you want to [[en:manual: | + | |
- | <code bash> | + | <code bash> |
- | grub-install --no-bootsector | + | # pacstrap |
</ | </ | ||
- | </ | ||
- | <code bash> | + | For further details refer to the [[https://wiki.parabola.nu/Syslinux|corresponding article at Parabola]]. |
- | # grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg | + | |
- | </code> | + | |
- | * For BIOS and EFI: | + | === Create RAM-disk |
+ | Configure <color # | ||
+ | |||
<code bash> | <code bash> | ||
- | # pacstrap /mnt grub | + | # mkinitcpio -p linux-libre-lts |
</ | </ | ||
- | | + | < |
- | See [[https://wiki.parabola.nu/GRUB2|GRUB]] for further details. | + | If you want to install GRUB for the (U)EFI mode, you will need to make sure that: |
- | + | * The computer booted in (U)EFI mode (if <color #0B71B9/#DDF1FF>/sys/firmware/ | |
- | === Syslinux === | + | * The efivars module is loaded. (< |
- | <code bash> | + | |
- | # pacstrap | + | |
- | </code> | + | |
- | + | ||
- | See [[https:// | + | |
=== Unmount and reboot === | === Unmount and reboot === | ||
Line 811: | Line 679: | ||
===== Post-installation ===== | ===== Post-installation ===== | ||
- | You will now have to create a user and get user privileges like doas. And of course, you will have to install your favourite | + | You will now have to create a user and get user privileges like doas. And of course, you will have to install your favourite |
=== Configure pacman === | === Configure pacman === | ||
Edit <color # | Edit <color # | ||
- | |||
- | See [[https:// | ||
=== Update the system === | === Update the system === | ||
At this point you should update your system. | At this point you should update your system. | ||
- | See [[https:// | + | <code bash> |
+ | # pacman -Syu | ||
+ | </code> | ||
- | === Add an user === | + | === Add an user and groups for privileges |
- | Finally, add a normal user as described in [[https:// | + | Finally, add a normal user. |
+ | <code bash> | ||
+ | # useradd -g users -m -s /bin/bash < | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | You should consider the following groups to be used at start: | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code bash> | ||
+ | # usermod -aG video < | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code bash> | ||
+ | # usermod -aG audio < | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code bash> | ||
+ | # usermod -aG sys < | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code bash> | ||
+ | # usermod -aG storage < | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code bash> | ||
+ | # usermod -aG optical < | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code bash> | ||
+ | # usermod -aG power < | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code bash> | ||
+ | # usermod -aG network < | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code bash> | ||
+ | # usermod -aG input < | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | If you want to access for updating: | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code bash> | ||
+ | # usermod -aG wheel < | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Please remember also that to execute and access installed free, libre games you need another group-membership: | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code bash> | ||
+ | # usermod -aG games < | ||
+ | </ | ||
==== Service management ==== | ==== Service management ==== | ||
- | Since Hyperbola | + | Since Hyperbola |
===== Conclusion ===== | ===== Conclusion ===== | ||
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===== Acknowledgement ===== | ===== Acknowledgement ===== | ||
- | This wiki article is based on **ArchWiki**, | + | This wiki article is based on **[[https:// |