Differences

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--- pt:project:faq [2020/04/29 04:45]
i3_relativism [Por que um determinado pacote é diferente do Arch GNU/Linux ?]
+++ pt:project:faq [2024/11/08 22:57] (current)
luck02 [Por que meu Wi-Fi parou de funcionar após a migração?]
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-... (WIP)
 ====== FAQ ======
 Nossa página de **Perguntas Frequentes** têm como objetivo fornecer respostas às perguntas feitas pelos usuários que se mudaram para a Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre do Arch GNU/Linux ou outras distribuições GNU/Linux não-livres. Nela discutimos problemas causados por tornar o sistema completamente livre. Para obter explicações sobre detalhes técnicos do sistema, consulte [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Frequently_asked_questions|Arch FAQ]].
 ===== Pacotes =====
 ==== Por que a Hyperbola usa versões antigas de pacotes em comparação com o Arch GNU/Linux? ====
-A Hyperbola GNU/Linux-Livre é uma distribuição de [[pt:start#o_que_e_lts_suporte_a_longo_prazo|suporte a longo prazo]] com base no Arch GNU/Linux somada a estabilidade e segurança do Debian GNU/Linux. A Hyperbola não têm uma filosofia //Bleeding Edge// ((Termo atribuido a distribuições que usam as versões mais recentes de pacotes)), usamos pacotes do Arch GNU/Linux, mais //patches// de estabilidade e segurança do Debian GNU/Linux somada a lista negra de pacotes da Parabola GNU/Linux-Libre para criar um Sistema Operacional 100% livre, estável e seguro. Para mais informações acesse: [[pt:dev:packaging_guidelines|Guia de empacotamento]] and [[pt:main:social_contract|Contrato Social]].
+A Hyperbola GNU/Linux-Livre é uma distribuição de [[pt:start#o_que_e_lts_suporte_a_longo_prazo|suporte a longo prazo]] com base no Arch GNU/Linux somada a estabilidade e segurança do Debian GNU/Linux. A Hyperbola não têm uma filosofia //Bleeding Edge// ((Termo atribuido a distribuições que usam as versões mais recentes de pacotes)), usamos pacotes do Arch GNU/Linux, mais //patches// de estabilidade e segurança do Debian GNU/Linux somada a lista negra de pacotes da Parabola GNU/Linux-Libre para criar um Sistema Operacional 100% livre, estável e seguro. Para mais informações acesse: [[pt:manual:contrib:packaging_guidelines|Guia de empacotamento]] and [[pt:project:social_contract|Contrato Social]].
 ==== Por que determinado pacote não está nos repositórios, mesmo estando disponível no Arch GNU/Linux? ====
@@ Line 13: / Line 11: @@
 </code>
-==== Por que systemd na existe se e software livre? ====
+==== Porque systemd não existe se e software livre? ====
 O objetivo do projeto Hyperbola e suportar a [[pt:start#o_que_e_o_init_freedom_campaign|Init Freedom Campaign]]. O noss projeto rejeita sistemas de inicialização, como systemd que quebram portabilidade, ignoram compatibilidade com versões anteriores, substituem serviços existentes, forcando adoção.
 ==== Por que um determinado pacote é diferente do Arch GNU/Linux ? ====
@@ Line 30: / Line 28: @@
 # pacman -Rsn pacote
 </code>
-<note important>Vale ressaltar que a Hyperbola GNU/Linux-Libre não suporta o AUR. </note>
+<note important>Vale ressaltar que a Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre não suporta o AUR. </note>
 ==== LaTeX imprime mensagens de erro ralacionado a falta de fontes. Como posso compilar meu documento? ====
-Algumas fontes foram removidas da nossa compilação do TeX Live devido a problemas de liberdade e licenças incompatíveis. A solução para isso é usar fontes ([[https://www.hyperbola.info/packages/?sort=&q=otf&maintainer=&flagged=|OTF]], [[https://www.hyperbola.info/packages/?sort=&q=ttf&maintainer=&flagged=|TTF]]) compatíveis com as diretrizes de desenvolvimento da Hyperbola GNU/Linux-Libre((Para saber mais, leia o nosso [[pt:hyperbola:social_contract|Contrato Social]] e o [[pt:dev:packaging:guidelines|Guia do Empacotador]])).
+Algumas fontes foram removidas da nossa compilação do TeX Live devido a problemas de liberdade e licenças incompatíveis. A solução para isso é usar fontes ([[https://www.hyperbola.info/packages/?sort=&q=otf&maintainer=&flagged=|OTF]], [[https://www.hyperbola.info/packages/?sort=&q=ttf&maintainer=&flagged=|TTF]]) compatíveis com as diretrizes de desenvolvimento da Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre((Para saber mais, leia o nosso [[pt:project:social_contract|Contrato Social]] e o [[pt:manual:contrib:packaging_guidelines|Guia do Empacotador]])).
 ==== Como extrair um arquivo RAR? ====
 O comando <color #B90B0B/#FFDDDD>Unrar</color> não está nos repositórios da Hyperbola porquê é um <color #B90B0B/#FFDDDD>software não-livre</color>. Você pode usar o comando <color #620BB9/#EEDDFF>bsdtar</color>, que faz parte da [[https://www.hyperbola.info/packages/?q=libarchive|libarchive]], para extrair o arquivo. Caso necessite de mais funções ou uma forma mais intuitiva para realizar a tarefa, instale o [[https://www.hyperbola.info/packages/?q=unar|Unar]].
@@ Line 60: / Line 58: @@
 === Dica ===
-Você também pode pesquisar o banco de dados do [[https://h-node.org/|h-node]] para encontrar adaptadores Wi-Fi que funcionam bem com software livre, ou usar o script [[http://www.fsfla.org/svn/fsfla/software/linux-libre/scripts/|deblob]] para verificar os adaptadores Wi-Fi incluídos na lista negra do Kernel Linux-Libre.
+Você também pode pesquisar No banco de dados do [[https://h-node.org/|h-node]] para encontrar adaptadores Wi-Fi que funcionam bem com software livre, ou usar o script [[http://www.fsfla.org/svn/fsfla/software/linux-libre/scripts/|deblob]] para verificar os adaptadores Wi-Fi incluídos na lista negra do Kernel Linux-libre.
 ===== Créditos =====
@@ Line 70: / Line 68: @@
 => [[https://forums.hyperbola.info/viewtopic.php?pid=9#p9|Ajude melhorar este artigo]] <=
-... (WIP)
-====== Frequently Asked Questions ======
-The **Frequently Asked Questions** (FAQ) article provides answers to questions often asked by users who moved to **Hyperbola GNU/Linux-Libre** from Arch GNU/Linux or other **GNU/Linux** distros. It discusses issues caused by making the system completely free and with a different development in comparison to another Arch-based distros. For explanation on technical details of the system look at  [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Frequently_asked_questions|Arch GNU/Linux FAQ]].
-===== Packages =====
-==== Why Hyperbola is using old versions in comparison to Arch GNU/Linux? ====
-Hyperbola is a long-term support distribution based on Arch GNU/Linux plus stability and security from Debian GNU/Linux. It isn't a rolling release distribution like Arch because Hyperbola is using Arch snapshots for its versions and Parabola blacklist as base to keep it 100% libre. Also Hyperbola is using Debian patches, therefore all packages are being stabilized with improvements through its development. See the [[en:main:Packaging Guidelines|Packaging Guidelines]] and [[en:main:Social Contract]] for further details.
-==== Why is package X missing, even though it's available in Arch GNU/Linux? ====
-This usually means the package is non-free or has some other freedom-related issues. Since Hyperbola GNU/Linux-Libre follows the [[https://www.gnu.org/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.html|GNU FSDG]], we don't include proprietary software and you can't get it from our official repositories. To make sure the package was removed from Hyperbola GNU/Linux-Libre because of that, you can check the blacklist:
-<code bash>
-$ grep ''package_name'' /usr/share/doc/your-freedom/blacklist.txt
-</code>
-==== Why is systemd missing if it is free software? ====
-Hyperbola's objective is to support [[en:start#what_is_the_init_freedom_campaign|the Init Freedom Campaign]]. Hyperbola refuses init systems such as systemd that breaks portability, ignores backwards compatibility, and replaces existing services, forcing into adoption.
-==== How is package X different from its counterpart in Arch GNU/Linux? ====
-Packages are typically modified for reasons such as containing non-free parts, recommending non-free software or branding. Also there are another reasons such as privacy/security issues, instabilities. To find out how a specific package was modified check the blacklist:
-<code bash>
-$ grep ''package_name'' /usr/share/doc/your-freedom/blacklist.txt
-</code>
-If you're looking for more details, you'll have to clone our [[https://git.hyperbola.info:50100/packages/core.git/|core]],  [[https://git.hyperbola.info:50100/packages/extra.git/|extra]],  [[https://git.hyperbola.info:50100/packages/community.git/|community]] and [[https://git.hyperbola.info:50100/packages/multilib.git/|multilib]] repositories containing **PKGBUILD** files used for building our packages. Grab corresponding **PKGBUILD** from Arch website and just run **diff** on both of them.
-==== Will non-free AUR packages be removed after migrating to Hyperbola? ====
-No. Hyperbola doesn't support <color #B90B0B/#FFDDDD>AUR</color> in any way. After migrating to Hyperbola you'll have to verify any installed AUR package and manually remove the non-free ones. Since AUR packages are typically built and installed by user, you can identify them by running:
-<code bash>
-$ pacman -Qm
-</code>
-Some AUR packages find their way into our official **community** repository. If you can't find the package you need there, ask a Hyperbola dev to pull it.
-==== LaTeX prints out error messages about missing fonts. How can I compile my document? ====
-Some fonts got removed from our TeX Live distribution because of freedom issues and incompatible licenses. Solution to this is to use different fonts and/or different TeX engines.
-==== How can I extract a RAR archive? ====
-<color #B90B0B/#FFDDDD>unrar</color> command is missing in Hyperbola because it's <color #B90B0B/#FFDDDD>non-free software</color>. You can use <color #0BB928/#DDFFE3>bsdtar</color> command to do the job. It should be installed on your system by default because pacman depends on [[https://www.hyperbola.info/packages/?q=libarchive|libarchive]] which provides it. Unfortunately, it cannot handle some extra features of RAR archives in which case you may have more luck with [[https://www.hyperbola.info/packages/?q=unar|unar]].
-===== Hardware =====
-==== Why doesn't my Nvidia graphics work? ====
-This may be the case if you have a recent Nvidia card. Nouveau may not support your card yet. To check if your card is supported by Nouveau, first look for a code name of your card in the output of:
-<code bash>
-$ lspci | grep VGA
-</code>
-Next, look at [[https://wiki.freedesktop.org/nouveau/CodeNames/|CodeNames]] to further decode it. Finally, you can check support for your card on [[https://wiki.freedesktop.org/nouveau/FeatureMatrix/|FeatureMatrix]].
-==== Why has my Wi-Fi card stopped working after migration? ====
-It's common for Wi-Fi cards to require a firmware to be loaded into the card. Many cards do not work at all if the firmware is missing. The firmware is often <color #B90B0B/#FFDDDD>proprietary</color>, thus we don't distribute it. This is the case for many internal Wi-Fi cards.
-The usual fix to the problem is either to replace the card or use an external USB Wi-Fi dongle. You can buy one with Atheros chipset (eg. [[https://wikidevi.com/wiki/Ath9k_htc#Supported_.28probably.29_devices|ath9k_htc]] as an external USB dongle or [[https://wikidevi.com/wiki/Ath9k#Supported_.28probably.29_devices|ath9k]] for [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conventional_PCI|PCI]] and [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express|PCI-Express]] expansion slots). Another is the RTL818x chipset (eg. [[https://wikidevi.com/wiki/Rtl8187#Supported_.28probably.29_devices|rtl8187]] as an external USB dongle or [[https://wikidevi.com/wiki/Rtl818x_pci#Supported_.28probably.29_devices|rtl818x_pci]] for [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conventional_PCI|PCI]] and [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express|PCI-Express]] expansion slots). Both of these Wi-Fi adapters have fully free free firmware. You can also search the [[https://h-node.org/|h-node]] database to find Wi-Fi adapters known to work well with free software or [[http://www.fsfla.org/svn/fsfla/software/linux-libre/scripts/|scripts/deblob-$ver]] to check Wi-Fi adapters are included in the Linux-libre device blacklist.
-===== Acknowledgement =====
-This wiki article is based on **[[https://wiki.parabola.nu/|ParabolaWiki]]**.